Milling-cutter.



D; STEINBR. MILLING CUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED DEO. 21, 1909.

Iaifalltedv May '2, 1911.

UNiTED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

DIETI-IELIVI STEINER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

MILLING-CUTTER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DrETi-IELM STEiNER, a citizen of the Republic ofSwitzerland and a citizen intent of the United States, resident ofPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements inMilling-Cutters.

The principal improvement of my invention results in a longer life forthe expensivel spindles, upon which milling cutters operate; also inagreater and more accurate production of work.

The following is a specification of my improvements; which consists of amilling cutter being built in sections, for the purpose of lessexpensive construction, but mainly to receive interrupted rows of teeth,with reduced faces or attacking edges, that have the necessarydurability, for more eXact and increased capacity of work, which is mypurpose in view; less strain between working material and cutter in myimprovement insures a more accurate line of cut, besides a saving to thespindles, and I find also in my combination of arrangements, greatereconomical usage for the tool in question. These things are done byhaving the adj oining shoulders of the different cutter sectionscorrugated, that is, impressed in a manner allowing every other tooth ina cutter part left out, and the remaining teeth extending left and rightinto the paths of their neighbor sections. This meets at once thedesired conditions: First: The corrugated shoulders add strength tothose single units of which my cutter is composed, permitting them to bemade at reduced thickness, thus increasing the number of teeth whichmeans the possible least attacking but more separating edge, since eachtooth attacks from the front only and separates from the sides. Theeffectiveness of such an attack increases, as the front of the toothdiminishes; and is further helped by the thus more numerous separatingedges on the sides of the teeth, which cause to lessen the tensionbetween working material and cutter; the latter will now find it easierto follow the line of cut, hence, the greater quantity and qualityofwork. For it must be remembered that when a cutter attacks thematerial readily, without need of that intense strain between them, notonly follows the line of cut more promptly, but gains speed, and alsosaves time in not having to go over a bad cut, and additionally thisbrings about the comparative lesser Specification of Letters Patent.

' Application filed December 21, 1909.

Patented May 2, 1911.

Serial No. 534,393.

strain upon the operating spindle, and other advantages which arementioned later on.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1, is a horizontal elevation of myimproved cutter, attached to a spindle partly seen on top and bottom ofFig. 1. The different cutting plates are embraced by two collars, (seeFig. 4, also 16 and 17 Fig. 1) the shoulders of these collars, adjoiningthe two respective end cutting disks, are molded like the latter forsnug t and gripping purpose.`

Said collars (16 and 17) are connected together and with the cutterplates, by two or more slender bolts (see Fig. 2 and dotted lineindications 10 and 11 in Fig. 1) which point out that the ends of saidbolts are countersunk into the collars to leave the surfaces of thelatter smooth, so as not to interfere when the cutter is fastened goodand tight between spindle shoulder 19 and spindie nut 18 (Fig. 1) readyfor work. There are, of course, suitable holes through all sections ofthe cutter for the reception of these bolts, which are kept close to thecentral opening, allowing the plates to be recut. (See 12 in Figs. 3 and4.) The intention of this arrangement of bolts and collars is simply formeans of keeping and handling the various parts of the cutter compactwhen not on the spindle, but especially for accommodation of grindingall the disks together whenever they are dull. This style of cutter isresharpened in the same way like the old fashioned one, after insertinga suitable bushing through the center bore (see 15 in Fig. 3), thisfigure being a top or plan view of two cutter plates lying one upon theother. In the usual center bore 14 which is for the reception to thespindle, I have a key lug 13, instead of a key way for the understoodpurpose, on each plate; this rather increases their strength, while akey would -diminish it. Each cutting disk having such a key lug, thepressure upon the operating spindle is equally divided, which is not thecase with an almost invariably short key commonly used for all sizes ofcutters. This evenly divided strain upon the spindle is further enhancedinasmuch as the corrugated shoulders embracing one the other helps toshare an uneven or greater strain upon any one section of the cutter,this helping to strengthen not only the spindle, but the individualplates themselves. In addition, I also provide the 'collars 16 and 17with such key lugs (Fig. 4, 13) to assist the the places opposite theseomissions.

outer cutting disks, sothey all are equally supported.

In Fig. 3 (top plate) it will be noticed that every other tooth is leftout, as it were, and then the teeth of the under plate take I havesimply repeated this operation in the elevation shown in Fig. 1, andthus a cutter of any size may be built up. Therefore, this interchangeof a regularly broken circle of teeth opposite the omission of anequally interrupted plate of teeth is the most simple and cheapest wayof creating an interrupted toothed cutter, or a cutter whose rows ofteeth are toothed again. The importance of an interrupted toothedcutter, with its more effective attack, I have already explained.

Fig. 5 represents the face space of two plates divided into parts,indicated by dotted lines. This is an illustration of how the cuttingdisks are corrugated, so their interrupted circles of teeth may reachbeyond the joints of the plates next to them, in order to produce andcut a clean surface, besides giving strength and stability to oneanother. It will be noticed the left plate F. A. H., indicated by solidlines, recedes twice from dotted line 1, or height F. into A, or dottedline 2, and then into depth H., or beyond dotted line 3, and from hereback to the original height F. This is repeated all around the circle.AThe solid line to the right of plate F, A. H., which is also the jointand left side of the plate I. K. L., runs parallel with the first solidline to the left of F. A. H. Thus every plate has the same shouldercorrugations and it will be easily perceived that these impressions maybe made to follow one another in square or either slanting to dottedline 1. But to my mind it is preferable to use only the straight rows ofteeth that are in square to the revolving direction, because thepressure thus exerted upon the material by the cutter is in harmony withits own movement and the one of the machine table, while a slanting rowof teeth with its doubled directed force, forward and downward,especially when acting upon out of alinement material of a big radiuswill shake the table with disintegrating vibrations all around. Thediminished cutting edges do away with the need of a slanting attack ofcut. As it is useless to have more corrugations and depths of suchshoulder impressions than is needed to get the desired combination ofdisks, which form interrupted rows of teeth clearing one anothers paths,therefore, I use in preference and for a uniform method in the interestof expense this two height and depth system of corrugation, as the leastcomplicated.

It will be noticed in Fig. 5 opposite M. N. O. P. and Q. R. S. T. areshort cross lines indicating teeth, there is always a tooth on the edgeof a corrugation, then comes an omission on the next edge. On theadjoining plate the teeth are opposite the omissions of the first plate.It will further be noticed that the teeth on the left plate F. A. H. areall either on the extreme left, between dotted lines 1 and 6, while onthe right plate I. K. L. all the teeth aie on the middle corrugation orbetween dotted lines 5 and S. Thus it will be understood that all teethtransgress in travel upon the paths of others, and so clean up alljoints. Now I would draw attention to the corrugations back of the linesof teeth, where they run straight with and in the direction of therevolving line, each shoulder clearing itself; from here they connectwith the next ilnpression, by preference I use the straight or washerconnection. It will be noticed (see Fig. 5) the attacking edges, m, n,0, j), Q, 0', s, t of the teeth are in square to the revolving directionand their own shoulders; further do the corrugations of the cuttersections break and succeed one another along the cutting lines whichform the rows of teeth; also do the bolts (Fig. 2) extend in thedirection of their nearest row of teeth, likewise do all the key logsand also the key way in the spindle form themselves in a parallel courseto the row of teeth closest by. This enables one to exchange any platefor any other corresponding one in the cutter, which is a great savingto the tool, because very seldom the whole face of a cutter is used, andoften ay very small place gets badly burned. In the old system the wholetool has to be ground down, or even recut. In my cutter a damaged partmay be exchanged, and thus most all plates may be dulled before thecutter is resharpened. For example, on certain classes of work a cutteras long as the width of the piece operated on has hitherto necessarilybeen required, and while perhaps less than one half of the tool wasused, its whole face had to be resharpened, thus wasting material andlabor, especially if one part should get damaged or burned. In my systema comparatively shorter cutter may be used by parting the same with acommon bushing, which will be readily comprehended. And furthermore, themanyT projecting teeth in my cutter make the cooling iiuid linger longeron them than on an ordinary cutter, and thus become more effective inpreventmg friction heat.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent 1. A milling cutter consisting of a series of tootheddisks assembled to provide interrupted rows of teeth, the teeth of eachdisk being opposite the spaces between and projecting into the paths ofmovement of, the teeth of a disk adjacent to it; with means for holdingthe disks together.

2. A milling cutter consisting of a series of radially corrugatedtoothed plates; and means for holding the plates together with theirteeth in interrupted rows, the teeth of certain of the platesoverlapping the paths of movement of the teeth on others of the plates.

3. A milling cutter consisting of two sets of toothed plates each havingits sides radially corrugated to provide surfaces at three differentlevels, one set of plates having teeth at its parts of extremedeflection land the other set of plates having teeth at partsintermediate those of eXtreme deflection; with means for holding thedisks together.

et. A milling cutter composed of more than two disks assembled with theteeth of each disk opposite the spaces between the teeth of the adjacentdisk or disks to provide a plurality of interrupted rows of teeth, saiddisks being formed to provide shoulders for the teeth at points betweenthe teeth of an adjoining disk or disks; with means for holding thedisks together.

5. A milling cutter composed of a series of radially corrugated tootheddisks arranged with the teeth of each disk overlapping the path ofmovement of the teeth of an adjoining disk; and the teeth of the cutterlying in interrupted rows; the metal of each disk being laterallydisplaced to lie in more than two levels and the distance between thetwo eXtreme levels being substantially two-thirds of the thickness ofsaid disk, the teeth of every other disk being formed on the peripheryofI the extreme levels thereof and the teeth of the other disks beingformed on the periphery of an intermediate level thereof; with means forholding the disks together.

6. A milling cutter consisting of a shaft;

and a series of disks keyed thereon, each of said disks having a cuttingedge and sides with alternating projections and recesses, theprojections on each disk fitting into and locking with the recesses ofthe succeeding disk, and means to bind said disks to hol them againstseparation axially of the shaft. In testimony whereof I sign my name tothis specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

DIETHELM STEINER. Witnesses: MARTHA HANNAH MoNKHoUsE,

MAE LEVY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

